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IBCD
Activities
This page describes the proposed
activities of the now disbanded International Biopesticide Consortium
for Development (IBCD). It has been retained here to provide inspiration
for future activities of the SIP Microbial Control Division. All
suggestions will be most welcome ...
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Activity |
Target audience |
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Training
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Screening, isolation, identification |
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Production, formulation, storage |
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Registration, safety procedures |
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Ecology and use strategies |
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Development and commercialisation
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Researchers at universities, national research institutes |
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Workshops
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Harmonisation of regulatory framework |
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Benefits of biopesticides |
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Training, education and extension needs
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Regulatory, environmental, and research policy-makers. SME
community |
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Information Dissemination
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Electronic knowledge/learning networks |
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Research reports |
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Training manuals |
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Policy papers and briefings |
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Newsletter
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Researchers, policy-makers, end-users, SME community, donors,
general public |
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Small Project Assistance
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Operational funding, with preference for projects that lead to
development of biopesticide products |
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Maximum of £200,000 per year allocated (minimum of 10 grants
per year)
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Researchers at universities, national research institutes |
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Small Equipment Assistance
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Purchase of equipment whose absence limits progress of research |
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Maximum of £100,000 per year allocated
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Researchers at universities, national research institutes |
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Support for Toxicology Testing
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To ensure that all potential products meet international
standards of safety |
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Results published in the public domain
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Universities, research institutes, companies |
The three case studies described below represent
real-life, biopesticide projects that are currently in varying stages of
development – from the early stages of research, to the onset of
commercial use. These examples
illustrate the wide range of barriers to utilisation that biopesticide
projects are likely to encounter. In each case, IBCD activities in the
form of training, consultation, and financial and strategic support could
result in increased utilisation of biopesticides in a safe, sustainable
and beneficial manner.
Case Study I: Banana weevil,
Cosmopolites sordidus
A Research-Driven Project
Occurrence
Tropical regions of the world where bananas are grown, including
Africa, South America, Australia and South Pacific islands, Southeast
Asia, West Indies, tropical U.S. (Hawaii and Florida)
Biopesticide candidate
Beauveria bassiana
Problems addressed by biopesticide
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High toxicity of recommended insecticides (carbofuran, chlorpyrifos,
fenamiphos) |
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Resistance to recommended insecticides |
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Insecticide toxicity and cost makes them inappropriate for resource
poor farmers |
Institutions involved
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Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute, Uganda |
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International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Benin |
Development status
Phase 1 and 2 scientific goals completed, small-scale production
process and candidate formulation identified
Immediate barriers to development
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Mammalian safety, worker handling procedures uncharacterised |
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No intellectual property strategy |
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Limited or no awareness among regulatory officials, key
decision-makers |
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Use patterns (rate, frequency of application, etc) and performance
expectations (minimum efficacy levels, formulation preferences, storage
requirements, etc) not determined |
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Target market (geographic, socioeconomic) not defined |
Case Study II: Potato tubermoth, Phthorimaea
operculella
An End User-Driven Project
Occurrence
Tropical, potato growing regions in India, the Philippines, Thailand,
North Africa, Peru and the Middle East
Biopesticide candidate
Baculovirus phthorimaea (granulosis virus)
Problems addressed by biopesticide
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Unavailability of registered insecticides for this use |
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Need for safe products, due to proximity of potato storage to housing |
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Insecticide toxicity and cost makes them inappropriate for resource
poor farmers |
Institutions involved
International Potato Center, Peru
Development status
Majority of Phase 1 – 3 scientific, development, manufacturing and
economics goals accomplished
Immediate barriers to development
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Mammalian safety, worker handling procedures uncharacterised |
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Storage stability not determined |
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Business/marketing/distribution plan not developed |
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No intellectual property strategy |
Case Study III: Maize stem borer complex
A Commercially-Driven Project
Pests:
Busseola fusca, Sesamia calamistis, Eldana saccharina, Chilo partellus
Occurrence
Africa
Biopesticide candidate
Commercial products based on Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki.
(e.g. Javelin, Dipel)
Problems addressed by biopesticide
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High toxicity of recommended insecticides (carbofuran, carbaryl) |
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Insecticide toxicity and cost makes them inappropriate for resource
poor farmers |
Institutions involved (potentially)
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Abbott Labs |
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ThermoTrilogy |
Development status
Phase 1 –4 regulatory and manufacturing goals completed by commercial
companies; efficacy established on related pests
Immediate barriers to development
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Efficacy tests to determine use patterns under local conditions not
completed |
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African research institute not yet involved |
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Donor support for product purchase probably required |
Target Geography
IBCD activities will be focused in five regions:
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Africa |
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Asia |
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Central and South America |
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Eastern Europe |
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Middle East |
Analysis of the biopesticide development capabilities in these regions
indicates two definable situations:
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Embryonic biopesticide development capability: poor or non-existent
research expertise or infrastructure, few or no biopesticide
enterprises. Examples include Angola, Benin, Botswana, Chad, Gambia,
Ghana, Cote d’Ivoire, Togo, Tanzania, Zambia, Zaire, Mali,
Mauritania, Mozambique, Madagascar, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Senegal, and
Sudan. |
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Existing biopesticide development capability: existing R&D base,
dedicated laboratories, an existing biopesticide industry (usually
cottage, low to intermediate technology). Examples include: Argentina,
Brazil, China, Columbia, Egypt, India, Kenya, Korea, Morocco,
Philippines, South Africa, Vietnam, Zimbabwe. |
IBCD will provide service to countries in both categories, with the
recognition that each face different constraints and problems based on
their specific level of exisiting biopesticide development. |
